Keylime

In today’s show, Adam chats with Gustavo Patino to discuss the implications of artificial intelligence in medical education publishing. They explore the need for transparency in AI model reporting, issues related to predictive accuracy, and the potential biases that can arise in AI applications. The conversation emphasizes the growing need for clear reporting guidelines in the use of AI in health professions education research and reviews some practical strategies to achieve this goal.  Length of Episode: 31:04  Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca     Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski    

On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam speaks with Maria Mylopoulos to explore the concept of adaptive expertise in medical education. They discuss theories of expertise development, the importance of fostering adaptive expertise, and the need for a shift in educational practices to better prepare physicians for the complexities and uncertainties of modern healthcare. They review the differences between routine and adaptive expertise, as well as strategies for promoting productive struggle and variation in learning environments. The conversation emphasizes the necessity of embracing uncertainty as a fundamental aspect of expert practice and the importance of integrating innovative ideas from physicians on the ground into educational theory.   Length of episode : 33:11  Resources to check out   Mylopoulos M, Kulasegaram K, Woods NN. Developing the experts we need: Fostering adaptive expertise through education. J Eval Clin Pract. 2018 Jun;24(3):674-677.   https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29516651/   Con

On this episode, Adam and guest resident co-host Amit Chopra speak with emergency physician and trauma team leader Andrew Petrosoniak about the evolution of M&M rounds in healthcare and his vision for M&M rounds 2.0. They talk about the importance of shifting away from individual blame to a systems-oriented approach in case analysis. The conversation explores the exciting potential of integrating video review into M&M rounds and the potential to start capitalizing on this technology for performance coaching, just like athletes have done for decades.    Length of episode :  51:41   Resources to check out:    M&M rounds 2.0: the future of performance improvement | Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine  Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca      Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski            

[12] Avoid the trap of false growth mindset This episode was first released on February 18, 2025. Description: - In this episode, Adam discusses the complexities of growth mindset in medical education with guests Milad Memari and Katie Gavinski. They explore the differences between growth and fixed mindsets, the dangers of misapplying mindset theory, and the trap of false growth mindset. The conversation emphasizes practical strategies for educators to promote a growth mindset among learners, the challenges of assessment in medical training, and the need for systemic changes informed by mindset theory to support learner development.  Length of Episode:   45:09 Resources to check out :    Memari M, Gavinski K, Norman MK. Beware False Growth Mindset: Building Growth Mindset in Medical Education Is Essential but Complicated. Acad Med. 2024 Mar 1;99(3):261-265.  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37643577/   PISA 2018 Results (Volume I): https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/pisa-2018-results-volume-i

[2] Listening to podcasts while you exercise is an exercise in futility: fact or fiction? This episode was first released on October 1, 2024. Description : - Adam and guest resident co-host, Dr. Victoria Turnbull, interview Dr. Michael Gottlieb about a recent paper of his that should be relevant to anyone who listens to podcasts for learning. The paper looked at immediate and delayed recall of podcast content of residents listening to podcasts during aerobic exercise and at rest. We also discuss multitasking, cognitive load, and the way our brains make decisions.   Length of Episode: 38 minutes   Resources to check out :  Gottlieb M, Cooney R, Haas MRC, King A, Fung CC, Riddell J. A Randomized Trial Assessing the Effect of Exercise on Residents' Podcast Knowledge Acquisition and Retention. Acad Med. 2024 May 1;99(5):575-581. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000005592. Epub 2023 Dec 18. PMID: 38109353. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38109353/  Perham, N., & Currie, H. (2014). Does listening to preferred m

[9] Debunking myths in education with Dr. Paul Kirschner This episode was first released on January 7, 2025. Description: - In this episode, Adam and Dr. Paul Kirschner discuss some of the biggest myths in education—like multitasking, learning styles, and the belief that Googling can replace knowledge. They dive into what sets experts apart from novices and explore how certain ‘desirable difficulties’—those useful challenges in learning —actually improve long-term retention, even if they’re tough to stomach.    Length of Episode: 52:41  Resources to check out:  The Ten Deadly Sins of Education by Dr. Paul Kirschner  Bjork, R. A., & Bjork, E. L. (2020). Desirable difficulties in theory and practice.  Journal of Applied research in Memory and Cognition, 9 (4), 475-479.     Bjork, E. L., & Bjork, R. A. (2011). Making things hard on yourself, but in a good way: Creating desirable difficulties to enhance learning.  Brown, Peter C. (2014). Make it stick : the science of successful learning. Cam

This is Episode #1 which was first released on 17, 2024. Description Adam invites Dr. Lisa Rosenbaum to discuss her recent publication in the NEJM titled Being Well while Doing Well — Distinguishing Necessary from Unnecessary Discomfort in Training.   This thought-provoking paper is the 3rd in a series of 4 essays in the NEJM by Dr. Rosenbaum.  It’s a social commentary on recent cultural and societal changes and their impact on medical education. We discuss Lisa’s critical perspectives on the important notions of wellness and professional identity in our field.   Length of Episode: 40 minutes   Article discussed: Rosenbaum L. Being Well while Doing Well - Distinguishing Necessary from Unnecessary Discomfort in Training. N Engl J Med. 2024 Feb 8;390(6):568-572. doi: 10.1056/NEJMms2308228. Epub 2024 Jan 17. PMID: 38231543. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38231543/  Resources to check out :  Dr. Rosenbaum’s recent related publications    https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMms2308228 Being Well whi

In the Season 1 finale of KeyLIME+, Adam shares reflections on a memorable first year, highlighting listener feedback and key insights from across the season. We revisit important conversations about balancing wellness with excellence in medical education, rethinking med school admissions, applying cognitive load theory to clinical teaching, and leading change with humility. Thanks to all our listeners and contributors for being part of Season 1 — KeyLIME+ will be back in September with an exciting Season 2!    Length of episode: 36:50  Resources to check out   Episodes mentioned: -   Episode 8 Is applying to med school like playing the lottery?  https://keylimepodcast.libsyn.com/7-is-applying-to-med-school-like-playing-the-lottery   Episode 11 Challenging the status quo of CBME in Canada  https://keylimepodcast.libsyn.com/11-challenging-the-status-quo-of-cbme-in-canada  Episode 14 Exploring cognitive load in the workplace: A new tool for medical educators  https://keylimepodcast.libsyn.c

On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam speaks with Drs. Saleem Razack and Stuart Lubarsky about the concept of medical expertise. They dig into definitions and interpretations of medical expertise, ideas around cognitive load, and the role of illness scripts in clinical reasoning. They also address the recent public discussion about the centrality of medical expertise within the CanMEDS framework and what we might expect in the next iteration of CanMEDS.   Length of episode: 50:25  Resources to check out:     Lubarsky S, Dory V, Audétat M-C, Custers E, Charlin B. Using script theory to cultivate illness script formation and clinical reasoning in health professions education. Can. Med. Ed. J [Internet]. 2015 Dec. https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cmej/article/view/36631  Kahneman D, Klein G. Conditions for intuitive expertise: a failure to disagree. Am Psychol. 2009 Sep;64(6):515-26. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19739881/   Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca   Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski

Dans cet épisode de KeyLIME+, Adam reçoit le Dr Sam Daniel et discute avec lui des défis et innovations dans le milieu actuel du développement professionnel continu (DPC). Ensemble, ils explorent l’influence du DPC sur le comportement des médecins, l’importance des normes morales dans le contexte du DPC et les obstacles à un apprentissage efficace. Le Dr Daniel nous parle de son récent article et souligne la nécessité d’avoir du personnel enseignant au DPC qui envisage des changements systémiques plus vastes, au-delà de la simple présentation de contenu. La conversation porte aussi sur l’avenir du DPC, y compris le rôle de l’IA et l’importance de la sensibilisation. Durée de l’épisode : 36 min. Ressource à consulter :   https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-023-04597-3   Pour communiquer avec nous : keylime@royalcollege.ca     Suivre : Dr Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski      The title of the study in English since it’s the official title and the paper is only

In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam is joined by Dr. Sam Daniel as they discuss the challenges and innovations in today’s Continuing Professional Development (CPD) landscape. They explore the impact of CPD on physician behaviour, the importance of moral norms when it comes to engaging with CPD, and the barriers to effective learning. Sam shares insights from his recent paper and emphasizes the need for CPD educators to consider broader systemic changes, beyond simply content delivery. The conversation also touches on the future of CPD, including the role of AI and the importance of advocacy.    Length of episode: 36:00  Resources to check out:     https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-023-04597-3     Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca       Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski      

Description:   In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam speaks with educational psychologist Anique de Bruin, exploring the concept of desirable difficulty in medical education. They discuss how well-designed challenging learning conditions can enhance long-term learning and knowledge transfer, despite the initial struggles that learners might face. The conversation delves into practical techniques such as retrieval practice and interleaved practice, the importance of self-regulated learning, and the new S2D2 framework. They also touch on the paradox of procrastination and its potential benefits, as well as the unique challenges of learning in clinical settings.   Length of episode: 37:00 minutes  Resources:  Make it stick: The science of successful learning by Peter C Brown, Henry L Roediger III, Mark A McDaniel 1st edition. Cambridge, Massachusetts : The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2014.  Worth the Effort: the Start and Stick to Desirable Difficulties (S2D2) Framework | Educational Psycho

Dans cet épisode, le Dr André Tricot, psychologue spécialisé en formation et chercheur, se joint à Adam pour explorer en profondeur la théorie de la charge cognitive. Ils discutent des répercussions de cette théorie sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage de différents groupes d’âge dans des contextes variés, dont celui de la formation médicale en particulier. Ils se penchent aussi sur des stratégies pour optimiser l’apprentissage, sur le rôle essentiel de l’attention ainsi que sur l’incidence de la surcharge et de la « sous-charge » cognitives sur le rendement – et les erreurs – d’experts et d’expertes.  Durée de l’épisode : 56:04  Ressources à consulter   Read, D. W., Manrique, H. M. et Walker, M. J. (2022). « On the working memory of humans and great apes: Strikingly similar or remarkably different? » Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 134, 104496.   Kristin Fraser sur la théorie de la charge cognitive et la simulation en formation médicale    Fraser, K., Ma, I., Teteris, E., Baxter,

Description  Adam and guest co-host Charlotte Alexander speak with physician and applied anthropologist, Dr. Eve Purdy about the nuances of team stress management in simulation training. The conversation highlights the importance of getting stress management training right during high-pressure simulations. Adam, Charlotte and Eve explore how teams can better manage stress through well-designed authentic scenarios that avoid trickery as well as the importance of recognizing and naming stress in both professional and personal contexts so that we can perform at our best.  Length of Episode: 38:04 Paper discussed:  Brazil V, Orr R, Canetti EFD, Isaacson W, Stevenson N, Purdy E. Exploring participant experience to optimize the design and delivery of stress exposure simulations in emergency medicine. AEM Educ Train. 2023 Mar 30;7(2):e10852 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37008650/   @char.alexander93  @purdy_eve     Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca    Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_

In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam (along with co-host Dr. Victor Do) delve into the critical role of feedback and coaching in medical education with guest Dr. Adelle Atkinson. They explore the distinctions between feedback and coaching, the significance of low-stakes assessment, and the impact of the learning environment on learner outcomes. The conversation emphasizes the need for strong relationships between supervisors and learners, the idea of psychological safety, and the importance of providing actionable feedback to foster growth and competence in medical training.   Length of Episode: 43:03  Resources to check out:    Atkinson A, Watling CJ, Brand PLP. Feedback and coaching. Eur J Pediatr. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34021400/    Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca     Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski      

In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam and resident guest co-host Dr. Kim Vella, chat with Dr. Sarah Blissett about her recent paper on cognitive load theory in medical education. The conversation explores the development of the Workplace Cognitive Load Tool, which measures how various workplace characteristics impact cognitive load and learning for medical trainees. The discussion highlights the importance of understanding cognitive load in the chaotic environment of medical training, the factors that enhance or impede learning, and practical strategies for educators to optimize the learning experience in complex clinical settings.  Length of episode: 41:13  Article discussed:  Blissett S, Rodriguez S, Qasim A, O'Sullivan P. Beyond the Task: Developing a Tool to Measure Workplace Characteristics That Affect Cognitive Load and Learning. Acad Med. 2024 May 9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38722251/   Contact us: keylime@royalcollege.ca    Follow: Dr. Adam Szulewski https://x.com/Adam_Szulewski   

In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam and resident guest co-host Adom Bondzi-Simpson engage in a thoughtful discussion with Dr. Chris Watling about the nuances of public advocacy in the fields of medicine and law. They explore the differences in how physicians and lawyers approach advocacy, the challenges faced by physicians in public advocacy, and the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration. The conversation highlights the evolving role of advocacy in medical education and the professional identity of physicians, emphasizing the need for a collective professional responsibility in addressing some of these issues. They also talk about the idea of courage and the risks associated with advocacy work, including professional and public backlash, and emphasize the importance of mentorship and advocacy skill development.  Length of Episode: 46:26  Resources to check out:   Watling C, Sandomierski D, Poinar S, Shaw J, LaDonna K. The courage to advocate: How two professions approach public advocacy work. Med

In this episode, Adam discusses the complexities of growth mindset in medical education with guests Milad Memari and Katie Gavinski. They explore the differences between growth and fixed mindsets, the dangers of misapplying mindset theory, and the trap of false growth mindset. The conversation emphasizes practical strategies for educators to promote a growth mindset among learners, the challenges of assessment in medical training, and the need for systemic changes informed by mindset theory to support learner development.    Length of Episode:   45:09 Resources to check out :    Memari M, Gavinski K, Norman MK. Beware False Growth Mindset: Building Growth Mindset in Medical Education Is Essential but Complicated. Acad Med. 2024 Mar 1;99(3):261-265.  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37643577/   PISA 2018 Results (Volume I): https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/pisa-2018-results-volume-i_5f07c754-en/full-report.html   A national experiment reveals where a growth mindset improves achievemen

In this episode of KeyLIME+, host Adam Szulewski and guest resident co-host Brij Karmur speak with Dr. Mary Ott to explore the complexities around both the theory and the implementation of Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) in Canada. They discuss the disconnects between the intended and enacted curriculum, the assessment burden on residents, and the need for adaptive responses to improve learner development. The conversation highlights the challenges and opportunities for CBME 2.0. Mary also shares some of the struggles she’s experienced getting work published that challenges the status quo. Length of Episode: 45:30  Resources to check out:  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39105665/  Ott MC, Dengler L, Hibbert K, Ott M. Fixing disconnects: Exploring the emergence of principled adaptations in a competency-based curriculum. Med Educ. 2024 Aug 6. doi: 10.1111/medu.15475. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39105665.   https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36274774/   Ott MC, Pack R, Cristancho S, Chin M, Van

In this episode, Dr. Tom Hurst, Medical Director of London HEMS and consultant in critical care at King’s College Hospital, joins Adam to discuss the unique challenges and operations of London HEMS—a leading helicopter EMS service known for its rapid, high-acuity trauma response in London, England. Their conversation highlights the real-world application of medical education principles in a high-pressure clinical environment, exploring how lessons from this setting can inform more traditional medical education contexts.  Tom emphasizes the pivotal role of teamwork, particularly the integration of paramedics and physicians in delivering emergency interventions right at the scene. They also delve into the complexities of continuous training for a diverse group of practitioners, including paramedics, fellows, and senior physicians, all working together to enhance the speed and quality of trauma care at one of the world’s busiest air ambulance services.  Length of Episode: 35:10 minutes  Resources to check